어제 비가 오더니 오늘은 맑네요
더니 connects a past observation to a present result or contrast. It means "after doing/being..." or "and then..." with an implication that the speaker witnessed the first action.
It rained yesterday, and now it's cold today.
Two main uses:
Cause and effect - Something you observed led to a result:
They studied hard, and then passed the exam.
Contrast - The situation changed from what you observed:
They were laughing earlier, but now they're crying.
Important: 더니 requires that the speaker personally witnessed or experienced the first clause. You can't use it for things you only heard about.
Speaker must have observed the first action — can't use for things you didn't witness
Implies time gap — not for immediate cause-effect
Often implies surprise — the result is noteworthy or unexpected
They ate a lot, and now they say their stomach hurts.
They studied hard, and got first place.
It was cloudy in the morning, and now it's raining.
They quit smoking, and have become healthier.
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