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Past/state noun modifier
Future/prospective noun modifier
Present action noun modifier
Every/each
Only/nothing but (with negative)
Nominalization (turning verbs into nouns)
Honorific infix
Polite request/imperative or honorific present
Formal polite statement ending
Let's (casual propositive)
Let's (formal propositive)
Each/apiece (distributive)
Cannot do (formal inability)
Do not / Is not (formal negation)
Cannot do / Unable to do
Not doing / Not being
Topic marker vs Subject marker
To (a person) - dative particle
Like, as (similarity)
Than (comparison particle)
And / With (connecting nouns)
Only, just
Also, too, even
Direction, means, or material particle
Location of action / From (source)
Location, time, and destination particle
Object marker particle
Subject marker particle
Topic marker particle
Or (connecting verbs/adjectives)
After doing / After finishing
I will / Do you want to (casual intention)
As soon as / The moment that
Is in a state (resultant state)
From...to / Since...until
Will / Would / Must be / Looks like
Go/come in order to do
Am/is/are doing (progressive)
Will / Going to
But / Background info / By the way
Have done / Have experienced
Must not / Cannot / Not allowed
May / Can / It's okay to
Seems like / I think / Probably
Intend to / Plan to / Try to
Shall we? / Should I? / Do you think?
Don't / Stop doing
Must / Have to / Need to
After doing
Before doing
When (time clause)
Try doing / Have done before
Do something for someone
Want to do
Can / Cannot (ability/possibility)
But / Although
And (connecting verbs/adjectives)
Because (emphatic/justification)
Because / And then (sequential)
If / When (conditional)
Keep doing repeatedly
Continuing action into future