조차 emphasizes "even" in negative or surprising contexts - if even X is true, then surely everything else is.
Emphatic "even" - 이름조차 몰라요 (I dont even know the name)
Negative contexts - Usually with negative verbs
Extreme example - The most basic/obvious thing is also affected
Usually negative - 조차 typically appears with negative outcomes
- ✅ 물조차 없어요
- Rare: 물조차 있어요
More emphatic than 도
- 도 = also/too (neutral)
- 조차 = even (emphatic, often negative)
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