The 尽管…但 (jǐnguǎn...dàn) pattern is essential for expressing contrast and concession in Chinese. Similar to "even though...but" or "although...however" in English, this structure allows you to acknowledge one fact while emphasizing a contrasting point. You'll encounter this pattern frequently in Chinese comics, podcasts, and videos, making it crucial for intermediate learners.
尽管…但 Pattern Structure
Basic Formula: 尽管 + Statement A，但（是）+ Statement B
- 尽管 (jǐnguǎn) = even though, although, despite
- 但 (dàn) or 但是 (dànshì) = but, however
The pattern expresses: "Even though A is true, B is also true (and B is often unexpected or contrasting)."
Understanding 尽管 (jǐnguǎn)
Word breakdown:
Key Points about 尽管:
- Always comes at the beginning of the first clause
- Can be followed by any type of statement (fact, opinion, condition)
- Sets up the context that will be contrasted in the second clause
- More formal than 虽然 (suīrán)
Using 但 (dàn) for Contrast
Word breakdown:
Important Notes:
- 但 and 但是 are interchangeable in this pattern
- The second clause often contains words like 还是 (háishì - still), 仍然 (réngrán - still), or 却 (què - however)
- This clause presents the surprising or contrasting information
Complete Pattern Examples
Word breakdown:
Word breakdown:
Common Usage Patterns
1. Expressing Persistence Despite Obstacles
2. Acknowledging Facts While Contrasting
3. Conceding Points in Arguments
尽管…但 vs. 虽然…但是
Comparison: 尽管 vs 虽然
| Word | Reading | Meaning | Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| 尽管...但 | jǐnguǎn...dàn | more formal, stronger concession | HSK 4 |
| 虽然...但是 | suīrán...dànshì | more common, everyday usage | HSK 3 |
When to use 尽管:
- In formal writing or speech
- When the concession is particularly strong
- In academic or professional contexts
- When you want to emphasize the contrast
When to use 虽然:
- In casual conversation
- In everyday situations
- When the contrast is more straightforward
Practice Exercises
Test Your Understanding
尽管下雨了，___他还是去了公园。
Real-World Usage
You'll frequently encounter 尽管...但 in:
- Chinese Comics: Characters expressing internal conflicts or persistence
- News Articles: Acknowledging challenges while highlighting progress
- Podcasts: Speakers making balanced arguments
- Business Discussions: Presenting pros and cons
- Academic Writing: Making concessions while maintaining positions
Common Mistakes to Avoid
-
Wrong Word Order: ❌ 但尽管很累，他工作
- ✅ 尽管很累，但他工作
-
Missing 但: ❌ 尽管很贵，我买了
- ✅ 尽管很贵，但我买了
-
Using 因为: ❌ 尽管下雨，因为我出去了
- ✅ 尽管下雨，但我出去了
Summary
The 尽管...但 pattern is essential for expressing sophisticated contrasts in Chinese. Remember:
- Structure: 尽管 + Statement A，但 + Statement B
- Function: Acknowledges one fact while emphasizing a contrasting point
- Formality: More formal than 虽然...但是
- Usage: Common in comics, podcasts, videos, and formal writing
Master this pattern to express complex ideas and improve your Chinese comprehension across all media types.
Practice with Real Content
Master 尽管...但 with Real Chinese Content
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